the present study presents an algorithm that models uncertainties at the structural component level to estimate the performance reliability of rc structures. the method calculates the performance reliability using a systemic approach and incorporates the improved response surface method based on sampling blocks using the first-order reliability method and conditional reliability indices. the re...

Passing underground trains induce vibrations transmitted to the ground surface and the nearby structures. Ordinarily, these vibrations do not result in structural damage but can harm nonstructural elements and disturb the occupants. These effects are more pronounced when evaluating buildings like hospitals, laboratories, museums, etc., and their assessment is an important design need. To respon...

based on the standards for design of structures, any structure should be designated for seismic loads and any combinations containing seismic loads. for spectral analysis of a structure, the site effect is taken into account by considering its effects on the design spectra. because of different lateral and vertical stiffness of the soil layers underneath the structure, the design spectra are di...

Characteristics of ground motions close to the earthquake source can be considerably different from those of far-field motions which should be considered in design process of structures. The current study aimed to present new design response spectra for Iranian seismic design code taking into account the near-fault effects. For this purpose, a new attenuation relation based on the ground motion...

The main objective of this paper is to present a wavelet-based procedure to characterize principle features of a special class of motions called pulse-like ground motions. Initially, continues wavelet transform (CWT) which has been known as a powerful technique both in earthquake engineering and seismology field is applied easily in automated detecting of strong pulse of earthquakes. In this pr...

there have been many productive methods developed so far for optimization of multiple response surface (mrs) problems. this paper tends to review the most seminal approaches in mrs and discuss the strength and weakness of each of the approaches through existing aspects in mrs. a numerical example is included to compare results by different methods. finally some of the prominent areas for future...

ground vibrations during an earthquake can severely damage structures and equipments housed in them. many factors including earthquake magnitude, distance from the fault or epicenter, duration of strong shaking, soil condition of the site, and the frequency content of the motion define the properties of ground motion and its amplification. a deep understanding of the effects of these factors on...

it is well known that ground-shaking site effect caused by an earthquake can vary significantly within a small distance. this is because at sites having soft soil and/or topographic and basement undulations, seismic energy gets trapped, leading to amplification of vibration that may cause considerable damage to man-made structures. theoretical analysis and observational data have shown that eac...

Recently, concerning failure of structures due to earthquakes, special investigations of near fault ground motions have been noticed. Hence, in this paper, characteristics of near field ground motions have been considered in horizontal and vertical directions. In this consideration, the record averages have been compared with Uniform Building Code and Eurocode8 spectra in two levels. In additio...